青少年的科学相对优势不再遵循性别平等悖论

英文标题/原题

Adolescents' science strengths no longer follow the gender-equality paradox

作者

刘康; 杨晓娟

通讯作者

刘康

研究方向

教育测量；性别差异与 STEM；跨国比较

关键词

gender-equality paradox; science; STEM; PISA; cross-national; preregistration

投稿/发表信息

发表期刊/目标

Nature Human Behaviour

投稿/成果状态

投稿中

投稿日期

2026-10-21

发表日期

-

原地址/投稿系统地址

https://mts-nathumbehav.nature.com/

期刊与检索情况

检索情况

SSCI/SCIE（未核实）；IF 未核实

摘要/说明

Boys' relative strength in science has been reported to be larger in more gender-equal countries, a pattern central to the gender-equality paradox in STEM. This pattern, present in every PISA cycle from 2003 to 2015, has since faded. In a preregistered test, the association reproduced in PISA 2015 (Spearman correlation 0.43, n = 63 countries) was absent in PISA 2025 (−0.01, n = 79; replication Bayes factor 42 favouring absence). In exploratory panel analyses of eight cycles (89 countries), the 2015 gradient did not differ from its 2003–2012 mean and each later cycle's was smaller; this held with a second equality index, without paper-based assessments and before the 2025 framework. The change was specific to science: boys' relative advantage moved towards mathematics, and girls' relative strength in reading remained larger in more gender-equal countries. Measured attitudes, composition and national indicators accounted for little of it.

基金信息

无

论文备注

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_NHB_2026-10-21\投出版 预注册：https://osf.io/e7fth/（OSF 项目 sbn27） 投稿梯队：NHB → Nature Communications → Psych Sci / Large-scale Assessments in Education